Babban Haskaka cikin Fasahar Samar da Carbon Mai Kunna
Samar da iskar carbon da aka kunna daidaitaccen tsarin tafiyar matakai ne wanda ke juyar da kayan abinci na halitta zuwa madaidaicin adsorbents, inda kowane ma'aunin aiki yana tasiri kai tsaye ingancin tallan kayan da aikin masana'antu. Wannan fasaha ta samo asali sosai don biyan buƙatu daban-daban, daga maganin ruwa zuwa tsarkakewar iska, tare da ci gaba da sabbin abubuwa da ke mai da hankali kan dorewa da haɓaka aiki.
Zaɓin Raw Material and Precessing: Tushen Ingancin Tafiya ta fara dadabarun zabin albarkatun kasa, kamar yadda kaddarorin kayan abinci ke bayyana halayen samfurin ƙarshe. Harsashin kwakwa ya kasance zaɓi mai ƙima saboda babban ƙayyadadden abun ciki na carbon (sama da 75%), ƙananan matakan ash (kasa da 3%), da tsarin fiber na halitta, wanda ke sauƙaƙe samuwar pore-yana sanya su manufa don aikace-aikace masu tsayi kamar kawar da gubar magunguna. Coal, musamman bituminous da anthracite iri, an fi son don manyan-sikelin samar da masana'antu godiya ga barga abun da ke ciki da kuma kudin-tasiri, yayin da itace na tushen feedstocks (misali, Pine, itacen oak) da aka fi so ga eco-friendly kasuwanni saboda sabunta yanayi. Bayan zaɓin, preprocessing yana da mahimmanci: ana murƙushe albarkatun ƙasa cikin ɓangarorin 2-5mm don tabbatar da rarraba zafi iri ɗaya, sannan a bushe a cikin kilns na jujjuya a 120-150 ° C don rage danshi a ƙasa 10%. Wannan matakin yana rage yawan amfani da makamashi yayin dumama na gaba kuma yana hana rashin daidaituwar carbonization
Babban Tsari: Carbonization da Kunnawa
Carbonizationshine mataki na farko mai canzawa, wanda aka gudanar a cikin tanderun rotary-rashin iskar oxygen ko kuma a tsaye a 400-600 ° C. Anan, abubuwa masu canzawa (misali, ruwa, kwalta, da acid Organic) ana fitar dasu, suna yin asarar nauyi 50-70%, yayin da kwarangwal na carbon ke samuwa. Koyaya, wannan kwarangwal yana da ƙarancin porosity - yawanci ƙasa da 100 m²/g - yana buƙatarkunnawadon buše yuwuwar tallan kayan
Hanyoyi biyu masu rinjaye na kunnawa ana amfani da su ta masana'antu.Kunna jiki(ko kunna gas) ya ƙunshi kula da kayan carbonized tare da iskar iskar gas (turi, CO₂, ko iska) a 800-1000 ° C. Gas yana amsawa tare da saman carbon, etching micro-pores (≤2nm) da meso-pores (2-50nm) wanda ke haifar da fili wanda ya wuce 1,500 m²/g. An fi son wannan hanyar don nau'in abinci da carbon da ke kunna magunguna saboda yanayin rashin sinadarai.Kunna sinadarai, da bambanci, gauraye albarkatun kasa tare da dehydrating jamiái (ZnCl₂, H₃PO₄, ko KOH) kafin carbonization. Sunadaran suna rage zafin kunnawa zuwa 400-600 ° C kuma suna haɓaka girman girman pore iri ɗaya, suna sa ya dace da aikace-aikace na musamman kamar tallan VOC. Koyaya, wannan hanyar tana buƙatar tsattsauran wankewa da ruwa ko acid don cire ragowar sinadarai, ƙara rikitarwa ga tsarin.
Bayan Jiyya da Sabbin Sabuntawa
Bayan kunnawa, samfurin yana jurewa murkushewa, sieving (don cimma girman ɓangarorin da ke jere daga 0.5mm zuwa 5mm), da bushewa don saduwa da matsayin masana'antu. Layukan samarwa na zamani suna haɗa matakan ɗorewa: ana sake yin amfani da zafin sharar gida daga tanderun carbonization zuwa na'urar bushewa, yayin da samfuran kunna sinadarai (misali, diluted acid) ana kawar da su kuma ana sake amfani da su. Bugu da ƙari, bincike kan kayan abinci na ƙwayoyin halitta-irin su sharar gonaki (buhun shinkafa, buhun rake)—yana rage dogaro ga kwal da ba za a iya sabuntawa ba da haɓaka sawun muhalli na fasaha.
A taƙaice, fasahar samar da carbon da aka kunna tana daidaita daidaitaccen aikin injiniya tare da daidaitawa, yana ba ta damar yin ayyuka masu mahimmanci a cikin kariyar muhalli da ayyukan masana'antu. Yayin da bukatar ruwa mai tsafta da iska ke girma, ci gaban da ake samu a fannin samar da abinci da masana'antar kore za su kara tabbatar da muhimmancinsa.
Mu ne babban mai sayarwa a China, don farashi ko ƙarin bayani maraba don tuntuɓar mu a:
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